Hate Crimes, Racism, and Prejudice Examined in The Museum...

The Museum of Tolerance is a museum that examines hate-crimes around the world caused by racism and prejudice. The museum focuses mainly on the history of Holocaust, out of all hate crimes in the world. However, when digging through the museum, the Museum of Tolerance appeared to be biased in a way with their portrayal of many images. The formal title of the museum is the Museum of Tolerance. They chose this title, because they want to promote tolerance and understanding of hate crimes in our schools and communities. Instead of naming their museum, â€Å"Museum of Tolerance†, they could have chosen the title, â€Å"Remembering The Holocaust†, since the museum mainly focuses on the Holocaust. When touring inside the museum, it was obvious that†¦show more content†¦In those clips, it showed many Muslims protesting and shouting, â€Å"Kill all Jews† and Islamic extremists terrorizing everyone in the world. This wasn’t just shown in one section of the gallery, but also in many other sections. Even though there are few Islamic terrorists, I know for a fact from the class reading, (Why Are There So Many Muslim Terrorists? By Christopher Bates), that there aren’t a lot of Muslim terrorists in reality. The way the museum portrayed the Muslims kind of looked as if they were stere otyping the Muslims and that they are the cause of hate crimes. Further inside the museum, they had like a time machine simulator where it took you to the past during the rise and fall of Nazi Germany. This really made me see and feel what it was like back then, which is way better than just reading or listening about it from someone else. Even though the museum has this cool feature, I think the museum is a bit worse in a way since they are biased. They make it look like as if Jews were the only victims of the Holocaust. There were many victims of the Holocaust who weren’t Jews. Many homosexuals were also Nazi’s targets during the Holocaust. The museum taught us that the power of words can lead to terrorism and that we tend to allow hatred to continue because it’s much easier to ignore than confront the issue. These were demonstrated during the time machine simulator along with some blame. For example, the simulator showed that when

Writing Praxis And Performance By Greg Dening - 1936 Words

Of the many wonderful fragments of wisdom in Greg Dening’s article ‘Writing: Praxis and Performance’, which details how to produce appealing and creative historical prose, I believe one stands out above the rest. Be mysterious, he tells us. I’d be a fool not to take this on board. With that in mind, I wish to begin with a small mystery of my own. â€Å"He has married many women, but has never been married. Who is he?† Listen closely, and you might just find out. In many ways, analysing this article is the most straightforward task I will undertake in my academic career. I mean, everything I could possibly need to know is explained to me, right there in the article. It is a self-perpetuating prophecy, describing in stunning and florid detail precisely how to write about it. It provides concise and understandable lists of tips, rules, and guidelines for historical writing. And it does all this in engaging, challenging, and imaginative ways. Really, as long as I actually read the thing, it should be impossible to go wrong. How could I fail? Nevertheless, presenting this article is also particularly intimidating. Can I live up to that? Can I actually follow these rules, take on board and rearticulate the wealth of advice? Much like history itself, I view this is an enticing paradox, one which I wholly intend to embrace. So, as Dening himself astutely observes, â€Å"†¦let me give some advice on writing, and you can see for yourself whether I take my own advice.† That said, it would be

Challenges Faced By Asian In Bali

Question: Write about theChallenges Faced By Asian In Bali. Answer: Introduction The report will discuss in detail about challenges faced by Asian in Bali. From last so many years, Bali is considered as one of the biggest attraction among the Island. It is located in Sunda Island and has been considered as a paradise on earth and all thanks to the tropical kind of landscapes, and it is also white sandy beaches and the completed with so many Hindu temples along with the reputation for overall goodness among the people of the country. However, the overall attraction of the place is soon becoming a past thing with some major threats to the country with a population of nearly touching four million (Hitchcock, 2009). The surrounding are transforming beyond any recognition, and it is becoming a prey to the collected impact of the mass amount of tourism with unbridled consumption of multiple resources along with a collapse in the environment. After the year 1970, the country has transformed into a major tourist destination and however, it is mainly limited to culture-ba sed tourism. But the time is changing, and from culture tourism, it is becoming a mass tourism, and that is becoming the main issue. There are some challenges as well which people faces while visiting the place. The report discusses in detail different challenges that Asian faces while coming to Bali (Hitchcock, 2009). Literature Review The country has now had hundreds of Hotels which are being used up a huge share of reserves for fresh water. Bali has become an important tourist destination over the year and number of visitors coming to Bali is only increasing every year. In fact, the numbers of tourists were completely unaffected by the terror attack of 2002, which left so many people dead including Australians. Since there is growth in a number of people visiting the place, use of land is also increasing, and more than seven hundred hectares of land goes into it (Coker et al., 2011). Construction is being done in luxury housing for foreigners, or just roads construction is also done constantly to improve overall connections. Huge of the amount of waste is dumped every year, and the country is trying to recycle some amount of it as well. There is also increase in usage of cars for obvious reasons, and the increase is causing jams issues (Coker et al., 2011). Therefore, to decrease the bad impacts of mass tourism on the local culture, the authorities have introduced a lot of environmental legislations. Some provisions in it make it necessary for the resorts to be established at least hundred and fifty meters away from the beaches with absolutely no kind of hotels existing within five km of temples. Up till now, these changes have not made much of difference and constant efforts are taken to the decentralized government in Indonesia as well. A stretch of seventeen thousand islands and the population of almost two hundred and fifty million have given authority and power which is disproportionate by nature to elected sheriffs (Monojit, 2011). These people run areas which equal to any British country. These elected members do not favor new laws because the law on protection of the environment has been passed however these elected members who look for some financial gain and are also very hard with developers of property are doing everything t o save the law from getting enforced. On top of all the issues discussed within the country because of tourism, there are some issues which people are visiting the place are also facing. The report will focus on challenges faced by Asian while traveling to Bali. There are some controversies which have happened in the past and also questioned the credibility of the country because of which tourists are also becoming little hesitant (Monojit, 2011). Analysis As far as, issues of local leaders are concerned, it is clear that they don't have any perspective in the long run. The only interest they have is a return on investment, and further tourism permits that too. The biggest issue is that when the development of the country reaches the saturation point, visitors will lose the interest since they could no longer find what exactly they are looking for. It is important for Bali authorities to understand that the concept of tourism is partly because of the attraction associated with the overall culture. In case, mass tourism develops in a method that can threaten the existence of culture; it is important to understand that particular attractions will be lost completely (Emmers and Ravenhill, 2011). The culture so far has been used as merchandise, and people of the country are also worried about losing the significance of culture as well as religion. Local people spend a huge amount of time in temples and also further respects the overall rituals. However, the mass tourism has further disappointed many similar kinds of practices. Also, diversity in the local culture and the particular character of specific rituals are also harmonized from time to time. Tourists are given a standard package because of that. It is a challenging job to bring some halt in such kind of trends since the travel trade does make a very positive impact as well because tourism being the main occupation, the standard of living of people is improving and many local people are completely unaware of the situation (MacRae, 2011). There are almost four-fifths of the society in Bali who is dedicated to routine worship and but now youngsters who are expected to pay some compensation regarding money are unable to attend rituals and in fact, are fed up with the system. Also, the people of the country is constantly becoming obsessed with an easy monetary value that they are gaining and companies like gamelans are completely on the verge of extinction and the language of the country is also losing its ground to official language (Warren, 2012). With major transformation, it seems like in cultural perspective; the future can be a huge disaster. Following is the detail discussion of challenges for Asian: - Warnings as well as dangers in Bali: the island has many volcano based mountains; rice paddies as well as coral based reefs. There is some of the major attraction of the country, but it is also important to notice different warning and possible dangers that exist in the place. The country is considered very close to nature because of which there are some do's and don'ts while visiting the country and Asian people must be well aware of it (Sukma, 2012). Frauds from airport money changers: tourist will find a lot of money changes near and around the airport while visiting the place for the first time. However, the exchange rates provided by these people are atrocious. Asian people must get it done after reaching the destination but it is imperative to be careful in those areas as well. Some people in the profession are not very honest, and these people continually attempt to completely distract the tourist and try to steal money as well. It is usually done by engaging in unimportant communication and trying to money from the wallets. It is very crucial to be very careful while roaming around these people(Sukma, 2012). It is also important to be careful while dealing with animals in an island. There are many animals on the island are suffering from a specific kind of disease, and in some case they also carried rabies. However, the island is taking some concrete steps to handle the situation, but there are still some issues. Animals that been given medical assistance have provided with a bright red collar. Therefore, animals who are not carrying any collar than obviously, these animals have not received any treatment and tourist must stay away from them. It is important to keep valuable under the lock and keys to those lock in the hotel room only. It is the very unfortunate situation where it is not important where people stay or whether the hotel is a five star, it is important to be important to be aware of the theft in hotels. If there are any valuable with tourists like jewelry, camera or anything and if in case they plan to leave it in hotels it is important to lock it in the suitcase because there are chances that it may be gone while returning (Baldwin et al., 2013). While traveling local areas, it is also important to be careful from the local vendors as well which are present on the beach. It can look exciting to get braiding done on hair or purchasing something at the time of relaxing on the beach, but the tourists will have to be very cautious because the shopkeeper can quote a high price but it is important to negotiate with them. Many countries in Asia as well are warning the people visiting Bali since there is also a threat of terrorist attacks in Indonesia and tourists have been asked to check insurance as well. People are being warned to be extremely careful while visiting places like Bali because of threats of attacks. Tourists that are planning to visit some unstable areas must be very vigilant and also prepared which can also mean that it is important to check all kinds of fine print in the insurance papers. Some so many Asian people head to Bali every year, especially in a festive time like new years or Christmas. But the travel warning in the area or the region always remain the same, and it is also advised that the overall tension is also escalated and therefore there are so many people as the tourist must decrease the risks of being in a large gathering (Vandenbosch and Butwell, 2015). Government official and foreign ministry in so many countries rather motivate the tourists to completely stay away from crowded places where protective security is at the low level. Instead, tourists can look to escape the crowd and enjoy some secluded places that the island has to offer. It doesn't mean, the tourist must not visit the place, but there is the existence of level two warning in some placed for this particular island. Authorities are asking to be just very careful while traveling to these places. This also means to be specifically very careful at some natural targets for terrorists like nightclubs, cafes, restaurants, airports and much more like temples or other places to worship or places which has the low-security level. Tourists must also pay some close attention to the personal level of security at all the times and also supervise the media about all possible new safety measure and risks on security (Vandenbosch and Butwell, 2015). Conclusion The security issues have been taken very seriously by local people for some years now. There is some security level of inspection points as well right before people enters the hotels where guards are also checking what's underneath the care with mirror. There are so many incidences where tourist felt extremely safe in the country since these people enjoyed the overall space and the quiet environment (Acharya, 2013). These tourists also mentioned that they tried to stay away from busy or crowded places and only used resorts or hotel's transportation to visit areas around or taken some trusted drivers with good images. It is important to understand that when Bali is compared with other destination, Bali tried to retain so much of its current magic and specifically in areas which are completely away from the impact of mass tourism. However, it is important to take care and halt the trend present right now since it can bring long-term suffering for the people visiting as well as resident s in the area (Acharya, 2013). Reference Hitchcock, M., 2009.Tourism in Southeast Asia: challenges and new directions. Nias Press. Coker, R.J., Hunter, B.M., Rudge, J.W., Liverani, M. and Hanvoravongchai, P., 2011. Emerging infectious diseases in southeast Asia: regional challenges to control.The Lancet,377(9765), pp.599-609. Monojit, U.Z.A.K.B., 2011. Challenges in designing input method editors for Indian languages: The role of word-origin and context.Advances in Text Input Methods (WTIM 2011), p.1. Emmers, R. and Ravenhill, J., 2011. The Asian and global financial crises: consequences for East Asian regionalism.Contemporary Politics,17(2), pp.133-149. MacRae, G., 2011. Rice farming in Bali: organic production and marketing challenges.Critical Asian Studies,43(1), pp.69-92. Warren, C., 2012. Risk and the sacred: environment, media and public opinion in Bali.Oceania,82(3), pp.294-307. Sukma, R., 2012. The ASEAN political and security community (APSC): opportunities and constraints for the R2P in Southeast Asia.The Pacific Review,25(1), pp.135-152. Baldwin, R., Kawai, M. and Wignaraja, G., 2013.The future of the world trading system: Asian perspectives. Asian Development Bank. Vandenbosch, A. and Butwell, R., 2015.The changing face of Southeast Asia. University Press of Kentucky. Acharya, A., 2013. ASEAN 2030: challenges of building a mature political and security community.

Odd and Even Pricing

Introduction Firms are established with the goal of maximizing the level of their profitability. However, the attainment of this goal might be subject to diverse macro environmental changes. For example, the intensity of competition may shrink a firm’s profitability potential. Additionally, changes in the economic environment may affect the consumers’ purchasing power.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Odd and Even Pricing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Despite these market dynamics, managers should have an obligation to ensure that their businesses attain an optimal market position, which highlights the significance of adopting effective strategic management practice. One of the aspects that managers should consider in an effort to promote their firms’ competitive advantage relates to pricing. Caplin and Leahy (80) argue that a significant proportion of firms have not incorporated p ricing in their strategic framework. Therefore, the prices of their products are based on naive pricing rules. Price is a critical component that organizational managers should consider in their effort to influence the consumers’ decision-making process. Choi, Kiljae, and Yong-Yeon (603) emphasize that consumers are very sensitive to price. Despite their level of sensitivity, the consumers’ purchasing decision is motivated by the need to maximize their level of utility. This aspect underscores why firms should adopt an optimal pricing format in order to attract and retain customers, hence increasing the profit maximization potential. This paper evaluates the concept of pricing format by focusing on the odd and even pricing formats. Moreover, the relevant theories that support the two pricing formats are also assessed. In this study, it is assumed that the price ending strategy does not communicate the quality of the product. Literature review Analysis Previous studies have led to the development of different theories in an effort to explain consumer behaviors. Some of these theories include the prospect, expected utility, and the cumulative prospect theories.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The expected utility theory This theory postulates that consumers face risky prospects and uncertainties in their purchasing decision-making process. The risky outcomes emanate from the view that they are faced by a wide range bundles of goods and services from which they are required to select. Thus, their decision-making process is undertaken by assessing the expected utility values, which refers to the degree of consumer preference. Consequently, if the utility of product A is greater than that of product B [U (A)U (B)], then the consumer will prefer product A to B. Under conditions of uncertainty, the consumers’ choice is based on t he expected utility, which is a summation of all possible (n) utilities with regard to the various outcomes (Oi).The model below illustrates the formula of the expected utilities. Source: (Caplin and Leahy 65). The prospect theory This theory emphasizes the psychological component of consumer choice. The theory is based on the element of uncertainity in the consumers’ purchasing process. The theory contends that consumers follow two main stages in making decisions involving risky options. The first phase is characterized by editing or simplification of the situation faced by assesing the associated gains and losses. For example, the decision to purchase a car worth $ 20,000 may be simplified into gaining the automobile and losing the $ 20,000. However, the process of simplifying the purchase decision varies from one situation to another. This aspect means that the prospect is influenced by the situational circumstances. Caplin and Leahy (63) assert that the consumers’ purchasing decision is based the edited prospects. Subsquently, the process followed in editing the prospects is fundamental in determining the consumers’ purchasing decision.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Odd and Even Pricing specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The second phase entails making a choice on the most effective options available. The choice of the edited options is influenced by the weight and the apparent value of the options. Consumers select the option that has the highest combined value. Therefore, the prospect theory emphasizes the importance of establishing a reference point. According to the prospect theory, the value of a particular product is determined by comparing with that of another. The cumulative prospect theory This theory is an improvement of the expected utility theory. Nielson and Stowe (31) assert that this theory is comprized of three critical components. The fir st component entails the value function, which takes into account the gains associated with selecting a particular product. The second component entails the loss aversion function. Nielson and Stowe assert that the loss aversion function â€Å"tranforms utilities over gains into utilities over corresponding losses† (32). Under this function, consumers are risk seeking over losses and risk averse over gains. The third component entails the weighing function. According to the cumulative prospect theory, consumers are more concerned about losses than gains associated with purchasing a particular product. Furthermore, the cumulative prospective theory asserts that consumers have diverse risk attitude. The following model describes the cumulative prospect theory of a risky outcome, where p= probability, v= the value function, w= weighing function, and F (x) is the cumulative probabilities all values up to x. Source: (Caplin and Leahy 65)Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Pricing formats Marketers are cognizant of the view that effective product pricing plays a fundamental role in maximizing revenue, and hence the level of profitability. Furthermore, marketers have the capacity to influence the consumers’ purchasing decision by adopting effective pricing strategies. One of the marketing strategies that have extensively been utilized by marketers is psychological pricing strategy. The decision to adopt this pricing strategy arises from the need to â€Å"appeal the consumers’ emotions and perceptions in their purchase decision-making process† (Chovancova 29). In addition, Chovancova asserts that the consumers’ decision to buy a â€Å"particular product is based on the perception of the price point set by marketers rather than the actual money price† (29). Chovancova further emphasizes that customers â€Å"react diffently if the price is broken into parts or the product or service is bundled with other items† (2 9). Therefore, it is imperative for marketers to take into account the consumers’ perceptions in setting the price point. Odd and even pricing formats Choi, Li, Priyamvadha, Promothesh, and Surendra (1) define odd-end pricing as a price setting strategy whereby the price of a product is set a few cents below the rounding end counterpart. Examples of odd-end pricing include $3.99 and $3.95, which is just below $4.00. On the other hand, even pricing strategy, refers to a pricing strategy whereby the price point of a product is set at a whole number, for example $4. Even-end pricing strategy is not as attractive amongst retailers as compared to odd-end pricing. This assertion arises from the view that even-end pricing is not effective in enhancing market communication, hence its ineffectiveness in influencing the consumers’ purchasing decision (Choi, Li, Priyamvadha, Promothesh, and Surendra 2). Odd-end pricing is one of the most common psychological pricing strategies am ongst marketers. Findings of previous studies show that the probability of consumers purchasing products whose prices end with a 9 is higher as compared to products whose prices end with 0, for example $ 99.99 versus $ 100.00 (Choi, Li, Priyamvadha, Promothesh, and Surendra 1). However, the effectiveness of odd-end pricing varies between utilitarian and hedonic produts. Hedonic products mainly incude luxuries while utilitarian products refer to the necesities. Choi, Li, Priyamvadha, Promothesh, and Surendra (1) are of the opinion that odd-ending pricing is more effective in influencing the consumers’ decision to purchase hedonic products as compared to utilitarian products. Consumers consider odd-end pricing as a way of communicating the price discount being offered. Consumers develop the perception that purchasing a product whose price is set using odd-end pricing is equivalent to recieving a price discount of the amount subtracted from the nearest whole number. Thus, odd-en d pricing is effective in communicating the unexpected gains associated with purchasing the product. Choi, Li, Priyamvadha, Promothesh, and Surendra assert that odd-end pricing â€Å"is characterized by a high degree of pursuasiveness of gain-framed versus loss-framed messages† (3). Additionally, Choi, Li, Priyamvadha, Promothesh, and Surendra (2) assert that odd-end pricing plays a fundamental role in stimulating the demand for a product. According to Schindler (Relative price level 245), odd-end pricing communicates low price to consumers. Retailers are increasingly exploiting rightmost digits in an effort to indicate the competitiveness of their products to consumers. Schindler (The 99 price ending 74) is of the opinion that odd-end pricing has a positive effect on a firm’s revenue. The effectiveness of odd-end pricing arises from the view that this pricing strategy is effective in communicating a positive image regarding the price of the product to consumers. Schin dler and Kibarian (95) are of the view that using odd-end pricing is likeliy to minimize price sensitivity amongst consumers. Furthermore, odd-end pricing communicates that consumers are not likely to find the product being sold at another outlet at a price lower than the price being offered. Therefore, the 99 ending pricing strategy is the most effective in communicatig the strongest expectations of recieving a product at a low price. Relationship between price ending and consumer choice theory According to the prospect theory, the consumers’ choice of a product is based on a reference point. This assertion means that consumers are faced by a bundle of goods from which they are required to select the product that will result in utility maximization. Despite the view that consumers aim at maximizing utility, they are constrained by their budget. Consequently, they tend to select a bundle of goods that results in maximum utility. The use of odd-end pricing such as the 9-ending communicates that the retailer is issuing a discount to the consumer. Therefore, the consumer develops the perception that purchasing a product with odd-end pricing will enhance the likelihood of achieving the expected level of utility. One of the core components of the prospect theory is the value function. Using odd-end pricing as opposed to 0-ending plays a fundamental role in communicating the gains associated with purchasing a given product. The expectation of recieving a gain from purchasing a product ending with 9 improves the consumers’ perception of the product, which is referred to as the percieved-gain effect. However, the gain recieved is disproportionate to the percieved discount (Schindler and Kirby 193). Conclusion Consumers are price-sensitive in the thier purchasing process. Therefore, price is one of factors that they evaluate before making a purchasing decision. Despite this aspect, retailers have an opportunity to influence the consumers’ purchasin g decision-making process. This goal can be achieved by adopting effecitve pricing strategies. Retailers should consider pricing as a critical aspect in thier strategic framework. Psychological pricing is one of the most effective strategies that retailers can adopt in thier quest to influence the consumers’ purchasing decision. The effectiveness of psychological pricing strategy arises from its ability to influence the consumers’ perception on the price point. Odd-end pricing strategy has extensively been used by marketers in an effort to influence the consumers’ purchase decizion. The above analysis shows that odd end pricing is effective in communicating value and expected gains to customers, which underscores the principles of the expected utility theory. Through odd-end pricing, consumers develop the perception that the set price has taken into account the discount. Thus, consumers assume that the difference between the price point and the nearest roundoff figure is equal to the price discount offered. Furthermore, odd-end pricing is aligned with the prospect theory, which argues that consumers are required to select the products that will result in utility maximization. However, the consumers’ choice of the bundle of goods is influenced by the price of the product. Therefore, consumers select a particular product based on the price, which acts as the reference point. The analysis above shows that pricing is an important element that retailers should consider in their strategic management practices. The pricing strategy adopted determines the extent to which the firm influences the consumers’ purchasing decision, and hence the likelihood of achieving the profit maximization objective. Works Cited Caplin, Andrew, and John Leahy. â€Å"Psychological expected utility theory and anticipatory feelings.† The Quarterly Journal of Economics 2.2(2001): 59-80. Print. Choi, Jungsil, Lee Kiljae, and Ji Yong-Yeon. â€Å"What type of framing message is more appropriate with nine-ending pricing.† Mark Lett 23.1 (2013): 603-614. Print. Choi, Jungsil, Yexin Li, Rangan Priyamvadha, Rangan Promothesh, and Singh Surendra. â€Å"The odd-ending price justification effect: the influence of price ending on hedonic and utilitarian consumption.† Journal of the Academic Marketing Science 2.2(2014): 1-13. Print. Chovancova, Asamoah. â€Å"The influence of price endings on consumer behaviour; an application of the psychology of perception.† Acta Universitatis Agriculturae Et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 59.7(2011): 29-39. Print. Nielson, William, and Jill Stowe. â€Å"A further examination of cummulative prospect theory parameterizations.† The Journal of Risk and Uncertainity 24.1(2002): 31-46. Print. Schindler, Robert. â€Å"Relative price level of 99-ending prices: image versus reality.†Ã‚  Marketing Letters 12.3 (2001): 239-247. Print. —. â€Å"The 99 price ending as a signnal of a low price appeal.† Journal of Retailing  82.1 (2006): 71-77. Print. Schindler, Robert, and Patrick Kirby. â€Å"Patterns of rightmost digits used in advertized prices: implications for nine-ending effects.† Journal of Consumer Research 24.2 (2003): 192-202. Print. Schindler, Robert, and Thomas Kibarian. â€Å"Image communicated by the use of 99 ending in advertized.† Journal of Advertizing 30.4(2001): 96-112. Print. This research paper on Odd and Even Pricing was written and submitted by user Mary Jane Watson to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.